Ikhiqizwa kanjani ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo?

1. Ukwethulwa kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo

Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo liwuhlobo lwensimbi eyindilinga, eyisikwele, engunxande enengxenye engenalutho futhi awekho amalunga azungezile. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo lenziwe ngensimbi yensimbi noma ishubhu eliqinile elingenalutho elimboze libe yishubhu loboya, bese lenziwa ngokuginqika okushisayo, ukugoqeka okubandayo noma umdwebo obandayo. Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo linengxenye engenalutho, inani elikhulu elisetshenziselwa ukudlulisa ipayipi eliwuketshezi, ipayipi lensimbi nensimbi eyindilinga nezinye insimbi eqinile, ekugobeni nasekuqineni kwe-torsional ngesikhathi esifanayo, isisindo esilula, siwuhlobo lwengxenye yezomnotho yensimbi, esetshenziswa kabanzi ekwenzeni izingxenye zesakhiwo kanye nezingxenye zemishini, njenge-scaffolding yensimbi yokumba uwoyela.

2. Umlando wokuthuthukiswa kwamapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo

Ukukhiqizwa kwamapayipi ensimbi angenamthungo kunomlando cishe weminyaka eyi-100. Abazalwane baseJalimane baseManisman baqala ukusungula umshini wokubhoboza i-skew high-high ngo-1885, kanye nokusungulwa komshini wokugoqa wamapayipi ngezikhathi ezithile ngo-1891. Ngo-1903, i-RCStiefel yaseSwitzerland yasungula umshini wokugoqa wepayipi ozenzakalelayo (owaziwa nangokuthi umshini wokugoqa wamapayipi aphezulu), futhi kamuva kwavela umshini wepayipi oqhubekayo ophusha umshini wesimanje futhi waqala umshini wensimbi ongenawo amapayipi kanye nomshini wokugoqa wensimbi. imboni. Ngawo-1930, ikhwalithi ehlukahlukene yepayipi lensimbi yathuthukiswa ngokwamukela umshini wokugoqa wamapayipi amathathu aphezulu, umshini okhiphayo kanye nomshini wokugoqa wamapayipi abandayo ngezikhathi ezithile. Ngeminyaka yawo-1960, ngenxa yokuthuthukiswa komshini oqhubekayo wamapayipi, ukuvela kwe-perforator enama-roll amathathu, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa komshini wokunciphisa ukungezwani kanye nempumelelo eqhubekayo yokuphonsa i-billet, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza, ukuthuthukisa ipayipi elingenamthungo kanye nekhono lokuncintisana lamapayipi ashiselwe. Kuma-70's amapayipi angenamthungo namapayipi ashiselwe alinganisene, ukuphuma kwamapayipi ensimbi emhlabeni ngenani elingaphezu kuka-5% ngonyaka. Kusukela ngo-1953, i-China yanamathisela ukubaluleka okukhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yamapayipi ensimbi engenamthungo, futhi yaqale yakha uhlelo lokukhiqiza lokugingqa amapayipi ahlukahlukene amakhulu, aphakathi nendawo namancane. Ipayipi le-Copper libuye lisetshenziswe ngokujwayelekile isiphambano se-ingot - ukubhobozwa kwe-rolling, i-tube Mill rolling, inqubo yokudweba ikhoyili.

3. Ukusetshenziswa nokuhlukaniswa kwepayipi lensimbi engenamthungo

Sebenzisa:

Ipayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo liwuhlobo lwensimbi ye-cross-section kwezomnotho, inesikhundla esibaluleke kakhulu emnothweni kazwelonke, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-petroleum, embonini yamakhemikhali, kubhayela, esiteshini samandla, umkhumbi, ukukhiqizwa kwemishini, izimoto, izindiza, i-aerospace, amandla, i-geology, ukwakhiwa kanye nezempi kanye neminye imikhakha.

Ukuhlukaniswa:

(1) Ngokusho komumo wesigaba, ihlukaniswe ipayipi lesigaba esiyindilinga kanye nepayipi lengxenye elimise okukhethekile

(2) Ngokwempahla: ipayipi lensimbi ye-carbon, ipayipi lensimbi ye-alloy, ipayipi lensimbi engagqwali, ipayipi eliyinhlanganisela

(3) Ngokusho kwemodi yokuxhuma: ipayipi yokuxhumana enentambo, ipayipi elishiselwe

(4) Ngokwendlela yokukhiqiza: ukugoqa okushisayo (i-extrusion, phezulu, ukunwetshwa) ipayipi, ipayipi elibandayo (lokudweba)

(5) ngokusetshenziswa: ipayipi elibhayela, ipayipi lomthombo kawoyela, ipayipi lepayipi, ipayipi lesakhiwo, ipayipi likamanyolo wamakhemikhali ……

4, inqubo yokukhiqiza ipayipi lensimbi engenamthungo

① Inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinhloko (inqubo yokuhlola eyinhloko) yepayipi lensimbi eligoqiwe elingenamthungo:

Ukulungiswa nokuhlolwa kweshubhu elingenalutho → ukushisisa kweshubhu kungenalutho → ukubhobozwa → Ukugingqika kweshubhu → ukushisisa kabusha kweshubhu emfucumfucwini → ukulungisa (ukunciphisa) ububanzi → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa kwepayipi eliphelile → ukuqeda → ukuhlolwa (okungonakali, ngokomzimba namakhemikhali, ukuhlolwa kwetafula) → indawo yokugcina

② Ipayipi lensimbi elibandayo eligoqiwe (umdwebo) inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinhloko

Ukulungiselela okungenalutho → ukugcoba ukugcotshwa → ukugoqa okubandayo (umdwebo) → ukwelashwa kokushisa → ukuqondisa → ukuqeda → ukuhlola.

5. Ishadi lokugeleza kwenqubo yokukhiqiza lepayipi lensimbi elingenamthungo eligoqelwe ngokushisayo limi kanje: