Ukucisha insimbi ukushisa insimbi kuzinga lokushisa elibucayi i-Ac3a (insimbi engaphansi kwe-eutectic) noma i-Ac1 (insimbi engaphezu kwe-eutectic) ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa, kubambe isikhathi esithile, ukuze konke noma ingxenye ye-austenitization, bese ngokushesha. kunezinga lokupholisa elibalulekile lezinga lokupholisa lokupholisa okusheshayo kuNks ngezansi (noma uNksz eduze ne-isothermal) ukuze kuguqulwe inqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwe-martensite (noma i-bainite). Ngokuvamile nama-alloys e-aluminium, ama-alloys ethusi, ama-alloys e-titanium, ingilazi epholile kanye nezinye izinto eziqinile umsizi wesisombululo "noma ngenqubo yokupholisa esheshayo inqubo yokushisa ukushisa ebizwa ngokuthi ukucisha".
Inhloso yokunciphisa:
(1) Thuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini zensimbi zibe izinto noma izingxenye.
(2) ukuthuthukisa izinto ezibonakalayo noma izakhiwo zamakhemikhali zensimbi ethile ekhethekile
Izindlela zokucisha: ikakhulukazi ukucisha okuwuketshezi olulodwa, umlilo owuketshezi oluphindwe kabili, ukucisha okuhleliwe, ukucisha i-isothermal, ukucisha okwenziwa endaweni nokunye.
I-Tempering iyinsimbi ecishiwe ibe yinto noma ingxenye eshiselwe ekushiseni okuthile, ngemva kokubamba isikhathi esithile, ipholile ngendlela ethile yenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa, ukushisa kuwukuhlinzwa ngokushesha ngemva kokucisha, ngokuvamile kubuye kube i-workpiece yokwelapha ukushisa. yenqubo yokugcina, futhi ngaleyo ndlela inqubo ehlangene yokucisha nokushisa ibizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa kokugcina.
Indima yokunciphisa iwukuba:
(1) ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwenhlangano, ukuze umsebenzi ekusetshenzisweni kwenqubo ungabe usenzeka enhlanganweni yokuguqulwa, ukuze i-geometry ye-workpiece nezakhiwo zihlale zizinzile.
(2) Susa ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kwe-workpiece futhi uzinze i-geometry ye-workpiece.
(3) lungisa izakhiwo zensimbi ukuze zihlangabezane nezidingo zokusetshenziswa.
Izidingo zokuthobisa: ukusetshenziswa okuhlukile kwesiqeshana sokusebenza kufanele kufakwe emazingeni okushisa ahlukene ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezisetshenziswayo. (1) amathuluzi okusika, ama-bearings, izingxenye ezicishiwe ze-carburizing, izingxenye ezicishiwe ezingaphezulu zivame ukufudumala ku-250 ℃ ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphansi, ukushisa okuphansi kokushisa ngemva kokuba ukuqina akushintshi kakhulu, ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kuyancipha, ukuqina kancane. ngcono. (2) intwasahlobo ngo-350 ~ 500 ℃ ngaphansi kokushisa okuphakathi nendawo, ingathola ukunwebeka okuphezulu kanye nokuqina okudingekayo. (3) izingxenye zensimbi zesakhiwo esinekhabhoni emaphakathi ezenziwe ngezinga eliphezulu lokushisa ngokuvamile zingu-500 ~ 600 ℃, ukuze kutholwe amandla afanele kanye nokuqina komdlalo omuhle.
Ukujwayela uhlobo lokwelapha ukushisa ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kwensimbi, izingxenye zensimbi zishiselwa kuzinga lokushisa le-Ac3 elingaphezu kuka-30 ~ 50 ℃, ngemva kokubamba isikhathi ngaphandle kokupholiswa komoya. Isici esiyinhloko ukuthi izinga lokupholisa liyashesha kunokubuyisela futhi liphansi kunokucisha, ukupholisa kungase kube ukupholisa ngokushesha ngokushesha ekucwengisisweni okusanhlamvu okucwebezelayo kwensimbi, okukodwa okuhambisanayo kungathola amandla agculisayo, futhi kungathuthukisa ngokuphawulekayo i-capriciousness encane (ivelu ye-AKV). ), ukunciphisa ukuthambekela kokuqhekeka kwengxenye, ipuleti lensimbi elishisayo eligoqiwe eliphansi, insimbi ephansi ye-alloy kanye nokusakazwa ngokujwayelekile, olunzulu izakhiwo mechanical of the material ingadlalwa ngcono, kodwa futhi ngcono Cutting ukusebenza.
I-Annealing insimbi ishiswa kancane kancane ekushiseni okuthile, igcinwe isikhathi esanele, bese kuba ngezinga elifanele lendawo ebandayo yenqubo yokwelapha ukushisa kwensimbi. Ukwelashwa kokushisa kwe-anneal kuhlukaniswe ngokukhipha ngokuphelele, ukudonsa okungaphelele kanye nokukhipha ingcindezi. Izakhiwo zemishini zezinto ezifakiwe zingasetshenziswa ukuhlolwa kwe-tensile ku-Kinze, futhi kungatholwa ngokuhlolwa kobulukhuni. Izinto eziningi zensimbi zihlinzekwa ngesimo esibuyiselwe ekushiseni, ukuhlolwa kokuqina kwensimbi kungasetshenziswa isihloli sokuqina sika-Locke, ukuqina kwe-HRB, amapuleti ensimbi azacile, imicu yensimbi, namashubhu ensimbi anezindonga ezincane, ungasebenzisa umhloli wokuqina we-Locke ongaphezulu. , izinto zokwakha HRT ubulukhuni.
Inhloso yokucisha kanye ne-annealing: 1 ukwenza ngcono izimpahla ukuze kuqedwe ukuqina kwakho ekubunjweni, ukubumba, ukugoqa kanye nenqubo yokushisela okubangelwa ukukhubazeka okuhlukahlukene kwenhlangano, kanye nokucindezeleka okusalayo, ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-workpiece, ukuqhekeka. 2 ukuthambisa i-workpiece ukuze wenze ukusika. 3 ukucwenga okusanhlamvu, ukuthuthukisa inhlangano ukuze kuthuthukiswe izakhiwo zemishini ye-workpiece. I-4 yokwelashwa kokushisa kokugcina (ukucisha, ukuthulisa) ukwenza umsebenzi omuhle wezindinganiso zenhlangano.
Izinqubo ezivame ukusetshenziswa ezisetshenziswayo yizi:
(1) ukugcwalisa ngokuphelele. Isetshenziselwa ukucwenga insimbi ye-carbon emaphakathi nephansi ngokusakaza, ukufoja nokushisela ngemva kokuvela kwezakhiwo ezimbi zemishini zezicubu ezishisa kakhulu.
(2) i-spheroidal annealing. Isetshenziselwa ukunciphisa ubulukhuni obuphezulu bensimbi yensimbi kanye nensimbi yokuzala ngemuva kokubumba.
(3) i-isothermal annealing. Isetshenziselwa i-Jiangdu i-nickel ethile, i-chromium content angle steel alloy structural steel ubulukhuni obuphezulu.
(4) i-recrystallization annealing. Isetshenziselwa i-trolley metal wire, ishidi emdwebeni obandayo, inqubo yokugoqa ebandayo yento eqinile (ukuqina kuyanda, ipulasitiki iyancipha)
(5) i-graphitization annealing. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza insimbi ekhonjiwe equkethe inani elikhulu lomzimba oshisiwe ibe yinsimbi exutshwe kahle enepulasitiki enhle.
(6) i-diffusion annealing. Isetshenziselwa ukwenza ukwakheka kwamakhemikhali we-alloy castings iyunifomu, ithuthukise ukusebenza kwayo.
(7) ukwehlisa ingcindezi. Isetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwama-castings ensimbi nama-weldments.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-01-2024
