Kuzimitsa chitsulo ndi kutentha chitsulo kutentha kwambiri Ac3a (sub-eutectic zitsulo) kapena Ac1 (over-eutectic zitsulo) pamwamba pa kutentha, gwirani kwa nthawi, kuti zonse kapena mbali ya austenitization, ndiyeno mofulumira. kuposa kuzizira koopsa kwa kuzizira kwa kuzizira kwachangu kwa Ms pansipa (kapena Ms pafupi ndi isothermal) pa kusintha kwa martensite a (kapena bainite) ndondomeko ya kutentha kwa kutentha. Kawirikawiri komanso zotayidwa zotayidwa, kasakaniza wazitsulo zamkuwa, titaniyamu kasakaniza wazitsulo, galasi woziziritsa ndi zipangizo zina olimba njira wothandizira "kapena ndi mofulumira kuzirala ndondomeko kutentha kutentha ndondomeko amatchedwa quenching".
Cholinga cha kuchotsa:
(1) Sinthani zida zamakina zachitsulo kukhala zinthu kapena magawo.
(2) kukonza zinthu zakuthupi kapena mankhwala achitsulo chapadera
Njira zozimitsira: makamaka kuzimitsa kwamadzi amodzi, moto wamadzimadzi awiri, kuzimitsa kwapang'onopang'ono, kuzimitsa kwa isothermal, kuzimitsa komweko ndi zina zotero.
Tempering ndi kuzimitsidwa zitsulo mu zinthu kapena mbali usavutike mtima kwa kutentha kwina, atakhala nthawi inayake, utakhazikika mwa njira ina ya kutentha mankhwala ndondomeko, tempering ndi opareshoni mwamsanga pambuyo quenching, kawirikawiri ndi workpiece kwa kutentha mankhwala. njira yomaliza, motero njira yolumikizirana yozimitsa ndi kutenthetsa imatchedwa chithandizo chomaliza.
Ntchito yochepetsera thupi ndi:
(1) kusintha bata la bungwe, kotero kuti workpiece ntchito ndondomeko si limapezekanso mu bungwe la kusintha, kuti workpiece geometry ndi katundu kukhalabe okhazikika.
(2) Chotsani kupsinjika kwamkati kuti muwongolere magwiridwe antchito ndi kukhazikika kwa geometry ya workpiece.
(3) sinthani zida zamakina zachitsulo kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zogwiritsira ntchito.
Zofunikira pakuwotcha: Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kosiyanasiyana kwa chogwirira ntchito kuyenera kutenthedwa pazitentha zosiyanasiyana kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. (1) zida zodulira, mayendedwe, zida zozimitsidwa za carburizing, zida zozimitsidwa pamtunda nthawi zambiri zimatenthedwa pa 250 ℃ pansi pa kutentha kwapansi, kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono pambuyo pa kuuma sikusintha kwambiri, kupsinjika kwamkati kumachepetsedwa, kulimba kumakhala pang'ono. bwino. (2) masika mu 350 ~ 500 ℃ pansi sing'anga kutentha tempering, akhoza kupeza elasticity mkulu ndi kulimba zofunika. (3) zigawo zachitsulo zapakati-carbon structural zitsulo zopangidwa ndi kutentha kwambiri nthawi zambiri zimakhala pa 500 ~ 600 ℃, kuti athe kupeza mphamvu zoyenera ndi kulimba kwa machesi abwino.
Normalizing ndi mtundu wa kutentha mankhwala kusintha kulimba kwa chitsulo, zigawo zikuluzikulu zitsulo ndi usavutike mtima ndi kutentha Ac3 pamwamba 30 ~ 50 ℃, atakhala ndi nthawi kunja utakhazikika mpweya. Mbali yaikulu ndi kuti mlingo kuzirala ndi mofulumira kuposa kubwerera ndi m'munsi kuposa quenching, normalizing akhoza pang'ono mofulumira kuzirala mu crystalline njere kuyenga zitsulo, wowonjezera wosakwatiwa akhoza kupeza mphamvu zokhutiritsa, ndipo akhoza kwambiri kusintha capriciousness yaing'ono (AKV mtengo). ), kuchepetsa chizolowezi chong'ambika cha chigawocho, mbale yotsika ya aloyi yotentha yopiringa, zitsulo zotsika kwambiri zachitsulo ndi zoponyera mwachibadwa, mabuku mawotchi katundu wa zinthu akhoza idzaseweredwe kusintha, komanso kusintha Kudula ntchito.
Annealing ndi zitsulo pang'onopang'ono usavutike mtima kwa kutentha, anakhalabe kwa nthawi yokwanira, ndiyeno pa mlingo woyenera wa kuzizira zone ya ndondomeko zitsulo kutentha mankhwala. Chithandizo cha kutentha kwa Annealing chimagawidwa mu annealing wathunthu, annealing osakwanira ndi kuchepetsa nkhawa annealing. Zimango zamakina a annealed zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa ku Kinze, zitha kudziwikanso ndi kuyesa kuuma. Zida zambiri zachitsulo zimaperekedwa munjira yobwereranso kutentha, kuyesa kuuma kwachitsulo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kuyesa kuuma kwa Locke, kuyesa kuuma kwa HRB, mbale zowonda kwambiri zachitsulo, zingwe zachitsulo, ndi machubu achitsulo okhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito choyesa cholimba cha Locke. , zomangira HRT kuuma.
Cholinga cha kuzimitsa ndi annealing: 1 kukonza katundu kuthetsa okhwima inu mu kuponyera, forging, anagudubuzika ndi kuwotcherera ndondomeko chifukwa cha zosiyanasiyana zolakwika za bungwe, komanso zotsalira maganizo, kupewa mapindikidwe workpiece, akulimbana. 2 kufewetsa workpiece kuti athe kudula. 3 kuyenga mbewu, kukonza bungwe kuti apititse patsogolo makina a workpiece. 4 kwa chithandizo chomaliza cha kutentha (kuzimitsa, kutentha) kuti achite ntchito yabwino yamagulu.
Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi annealing ndi:
(1) kutsitsa kwathunthu. Ntchito kuyenga pakati ndi pansi mpweya zitsulo ndi kuponyera, forging ndi kuwotcherera pambuyo zikamera osauka makina zimatha coarse superheated minofu.
(2) kutsekula m’mimba. Ntchito kuchepetsa mkulu kuuma chida zitsulo ndi kubala zitsulo pambuyo forging.
(3) kusothermal annealing. Ntchito Jiangdu ena faifi tambala, chromium zili ngodya zitsulo aloyi structural chitsulo mkulu kuuma.
(4) recrystallization annealing. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa waya wachitsulo cha trolley, pepala muzojambula zozizira, kuzizira kozizira kowumitsa zochitika (kuuma kumawonjezeka, pulasitiki imachepa)
(5) graphitization annealing. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitsulo chosungunuka chomwe chili ndi thupi lalikulu lopangidwa ndi carburized kukhala chitsulo chosasunthika chokhala ndi pulasitiki wabwino.
(6) kufalitsa annealing. Ntchito kupanga mankhwala zikuchokera aloyi castings yunifolomu, kusintha ntchito yake.
(7) kuchepetsa nkhawa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kupsinjika kwamkati kwazitsulo zachitsulo ndi zowotcherera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-01-2024
