quenching ntawm steel yog kom sov cov hlau mus rau qhov tseem ceeb kub Ac3a (sub-eutectic steel) los yog Ac1 (dhau-eutectic steel) saum toj no qhov kub thiab txias, tuav rau ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, kom tag nrho los yog ib feem ntawm austenitization, thiab ces sai dua. tshaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ntsuas cua txias ntawm qhov cua txias ntawm qhov ceev txias rau Ms hauv qab no (lossis Ms ze ntawm isothermal) rau kev hloov pauv ntawm martensite a (los yog bainite) kev kho cua sov txheej txheem. Feem ntau kuj tseem aluminium alloys, tooj liab alloys, titanium alloys, tempered iav thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv khoom pab daws teeb meem "los yog nrog ceev cua txias txheej txheem kev kho cua sov txheej txheem hu ua quenching".
Lub hom phiaj ntawm quenching:
(1) Txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov hlau rau hauv cov khoom lossis cov khoom.
(2) txhim kho cov khoom siv lossis tshuaj lom neeg ntawm qee cov hlau tshwj xeeb
quenching txoj kev: feem ntau ib leeg-kua quenching, ob-kua hluav taws, graded quenching, isothermal quenching, localized quenching thiab hais txog.
Tempering yog cov hlau quenched rau hauv cov khoom los yog ib feem rhuab mus rau ib qho kub, tom qab tuav ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub sij hawm, txias nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev ntawm kev kho cua sov txheej txheem, tempering yog ib qho kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim ntawd tom qab quenching, feem ntau kuj yog cov workpiece rau kev kho cua sov. ntawm cov txheej txheem kawg, thiab yog li cov txheej txheem sib koom ua ke ntawm quenching thiab tempering yog hu ua kev kho zaum kawg.
Lub luag haujlwm ntawm tempering yog:
(1) txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub koom haum, kom cov workpiece nyob rau hauv kev siv ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv lub koom haum ntawm transformation, thiaj li hais tias cov workpiece geometry thiab cov khoom nyob ruaj khov.
(2) Tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv txhawm rau txhawm rau txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm thiab ua kom ruaj khov ntawm cov geometry ntawm lub workpiece.
(3) kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov hlau kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv.
Tempering yuav tsum tau: sib txawv siv ntawm workpiece yuav tsum tempered ntawm txawv kub kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv kev siv. (1) txiav cov cuab yeej, bearings, carburizing quenched qhov chaw, nto quenched qhov chaw feem ntau yog tempered ntawm 250 ℃ hauv qab qhov kub-kub tempering, low-temperature tempering tom qab hardness tsis hloov ntau, lub internal stress yog txo, lub toughness yog me ntsis. txhim kho. (2) caij nplooj ntoos hlav nyob rau hauv 350 ~ 500 ℃ nyob rau hauv nruab nrab kub tempering, yuav tau siab elasticity thiab tsim nyog toughness. (3) nruab nrab-carbon structural steel qhov chaw ua los ntawm high-temperature tempering feem ntau ntawm 500 ~ 600 ℃, thiaj li yuav tau txais lub zog tsim nyog thiab toughness ntawm ib tug zoo match.
Normalizing yog ib hom kev kho cua sov los txhim kho lub toughness ntawm hlau, cov hlau Cheebtsam yog rhuab mus rau lub Ac3 kub siab tshaj 30 ~ 50 ℃, tom qab tuav ib lub sij hawm ntawm lub cua txias. Lub ntsiab feature yog tias qhov txias txias yog sai dua qhov rov qab thiab qis dua qhov quenching, normalizing tuaj yeem ua kom txias me ntsis hauv crystalline grain refinement ntawm hlau, ntxiv ib leeg tuaj yeem tau txais lub zog txaus siab, thiab tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov me me capriciousness (AKV tus nqi. ), txo qhov nyiam tawg ntawm cov khoom tivthaiv, qee qhov tsis tshua muaj alloy kub dov steel phaj, qis alloy steel forgings thiab castings los ntawm normalizing, cov khoom siv txhua yam ntawm cov khoom. tuaj yeem ua si los txhim kho, tab sis kuj txhim kho qhov kev ua tau zoo Txiav.
Annealing yog cov hlau maj mam rhuab mus rau qhov kub thiab txias, khaws cia rau lub sijhawm txaus, thiab tom qab ntawd ntawm qhov tsim nyog ntawm qhov chaw txias ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov hlau. Annealing kev kho cua sov yog muab faib ua tiav annealing, tsis tiav annealing thiab kev ntxhov siab nyem annealing. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov ntaub ntawv annealed tuaj yeem siv tensile test rau Kinze, kuj tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas los ntawm kev sim hardness. Ntau cov ntaub ntawv hlau tau muab rau hauv qhov kev kho cua sov rov qab los, kev ntsuam xyuas steel hardness tuaj yeem siv Locke lub hardness tester, kuaj HRB hardness, rau thinner steel daim hlau, steel strips, thiab nyias-walled steel hlab, koj tuaj yeem siv qhov chaw Locke lub hardness tester. , cov ntaub ntawv hauv tsev HRT hardness.
Lub hom phiaj ntawm quenching thiab annealing: 1 txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom kom tshem tawm qhov nruj koj nyob rau hauv lub casting, forging, dov thiab vuam txheej txheem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam ntawm lub koom haum tsis xws luag, raws li zoo raws li residual stresses, tiv thaiv deformation ntawm lub workpiece, tawg. 2 kom soften lub workpiece thiaj li nqa tawm txiav. 3 txhawm rau txhim kho cov nplej, txhim kho lub koom haum txhawm rau txhim kho cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom ua haujlwm. 4 rau kev kho cua sov zaum kawg (quenching, tempering) kom ua tau haujlwm zoo ntawm lub koom haum cov qauv.
Feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem annealing yog:
(1) ua kom tiav annealing. Siv los kho qhov nruab nrab thiab hauv qab carbon steel los ntawm casting, forging thiab vuam tom qab qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov khoom siv tsis zoo ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg superheated ntxhib.
(2) spheroidal annealing. Siv los txo qhov siab hardness ntawm cov cuab yeej steel thiab bearing steel tom qab forging.
(3) isothermal annealing. Siv rau Jiangdu qee cov npib tsib xee, chromium cov ntsiab lus lub kaum sab xis steel hlau alloy structural steel siab hardness.
(4) recrystallization annealing. Siv rau trolley hlau hlau, ntawv nyob rau hauv lub txias kos duab, txias dov txheej txheem ntawm hardening tshwm sim (hardness nce, plasticity txo)
(5) graphitization annealing. Siv los ua cov cam khwb cia hlau uas muaj ntau lub cev carburized rau hauv malleable cam khwb cia hlau nrog zoo plasticity.
(6) diffusion annealing. Siv los ua cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm alloy castings uniform, txhim kho nws cov kev ua tau zoo.
(7) Kev ntxhov siab nyem annealing. Siv los tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv ntawm steel castings thiab weldments.
Post lub sij hawm: Dec-01-2024
