Nā māka kumu o ke kila kila

maʻamau kila kohu ʻolenā hiʻohiʻona
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona kila kila kila i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā hōʻailona helu, aia 200 series, 300 series, 400 series, ʻo ia ka United States of America's representation, e like me 201, 202, 302, 303, 304, 316, 410, 420, 430, etc., ua hoʻohana ʻia nā kumu hoʻohālike o Kina i nā hōʻailona element a me nā helu, penei e like me 1Cr18Ni9, 0Cr18Ni9, 0Cr17, 3Cr13, 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N, etc., a hōʻike nā helu i ka maʻiʻo e pili ana. 00Cr18Ni9, 1Cr17, 3Cr13, 1Cr17Mn6Ni5N a pēlā aku, ʻo ka helu e hōʻike ana i ka ʻike e pili ana.

200 moʻo: chromium-nickel-manganese austenitic kila kila
300 moʻo: chromium-nickel austenitic kila kila
301: ʻO ka ductility maikaʻi, hoʻohana ʻia no nā huahana i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻopaʻakikī ʻia e ka mīkini wikiwiki. Maikaʻi weldability. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūpaʻa a me ka luhi ma mua o ke kila kila 304.
302: pale ʻana i ka corrosion me 304, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻike kalapona a no laila ʻoi aku ka ikaika.
302B: He ʻano kila kila me ka ʻike silika kiʻekiʻe, he kūʻē kiʻekiʻe i ka oxidation wela kiʻekiʻe.
303: Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi liʻiliʻi o ka sulfur a me ka phosphorus i mea e maʻalahi ai ka mīkini.
303Se: Hoʻohana ʻia ia e hana i nā ʻāpana mīkini e pono ai ke poʻo wela, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana wela o kēia kila kila ma lalo o kēia mau kūlana.
304: 18/8 kila kila. GB papa 0Cr18Ni9. 309: ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale wela ma mua o 304.
304L: He ʻano ʻokoʻa o 304 stainless steel me kahi haʻahaʻa kalapona haʻahaʻa, hoʻohana ʻia ma kahi e pono ai ka wili. ʻO ka maʻiʻo kalapona haʻahaʻa e hōʻemi i ka ua o nā carbide i loko o ka ʻāpana wela kokoke i ka weld, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka corrosion intergranular (weld erosion) o ke kila kila ma kekahi mau kaiapuni.
304N: He kila kila i loko o ka nitrogen, i hoʻohui ʻia e hoʻonui i ka ikaika o ke kila.
305 a me 384: Loaʻa i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka nickel, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka paʻakikī paʻakikī o ka hana a kūpono no ka nui o nā noi e koi ana i ke anuanu kiʻekiʻe.
308: Hoʻohana ʻia no ka hana ʻana i nā lāʻau wili.
309, 310, 314 a me 330: ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka nickel a me ka chromium maʻiʻo, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kūpaʻa oxidation o ke kila ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe a me ka ikaika kolo. ʻOiai ʻo 30S5 a me 310S nā ʻano like ʻole o 309 a me 310 stainless steel, ʻo ka ʻokoʻa ʻo ia ka haʻahaʻa o ka carbon content, no laila e hoʻemi ʻia nā carbide kokoke i ka weld. ʻO 330 kila kila he kūʻē kiʻekiʻe loa i ka carburization a me ke kūʻē ʻana i ka haʻalulu wela.
316 a me 317: loaʻa i ka aluminika, a no laila ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻē ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka corrosion i loko o nā ʻoihana kai a me nā ʻoihana kemika ma mua o 304 kila kila. I waena o lākou, ʻano 316 kila kilama nā ʻano like ʻole me ka haʻahaʻa-carbon kuhiliʻole kila 316L, nitrogen-i loko o ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe kuhiliʻole kila 316N, a me kiʻekiʻe sulfur maʻiʻo o ka noa-machining kuhiliʻole kila 316F.
321, 347 a me 348: he titanium, niobium me ka tantalum, niobium stabilized stainless steel, kūpono no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wela kiʻekiʻe i nā mea welded. ʻO 348 kahi ʻano kila kila kūpono no ka ʻoihana mana nuklea, ka tantalum a me ka nui o ka wili ʻana i hui pū ʻia me kahi pae o ka palena.
400 moʻo: ferritic a martensitic kila kila
408: Kūleʻa wela maikaʻi, pale ʻino nāwaliwali, 11% Cr, 8% Ni.
409: ʻo ke ʻano haʻahaʻa loa (British a me ʻAmelika), i hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia e like me nā paipu hoʻopau kaʻa, he kila kila ferritic (chromium steel)
410: martensitic (kiʻekiʻe-ikaika chromium kila), maikaʻi ʻaʻahu kūpaʻa, maikaʻi ka corrosion kū'ē. 416: hoʻonui ka sulfur i ka machinability o ka mea.
420: Ke kila martensitic "ʻoki ʻoki ʻana", e like me Brinell kila kiʻekiʻe-chromium, ke kila kuhili mua loa. Hoʻohana pū ʻia no nā pahi ʻokiʻoki a hiki ke hana ʻia i ka mālamalama loa.
430: He kila kuhiliʻole Ferritic, mea hoʻohiwahiwa, e laʻa no nā lako kaʻa. Maikaʻi ke ʻano, akā ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka pale wela a me ke kūpaʻa corrosion.
440: ke kila ʻoki kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka carbon content, ma hope o ka mālama wela kūpono hiki ke loaʻa i ka ikaika hua kiʻekiʻe, hiki i ka paʻakikī ke hiki i 58HRC, pili i ke kila kila paʻakikī. ʻO ka laʻana hoʻohana maʻamau ka "razor blades". ʻEkolu mau ʻano maʻamau: 440A, 440B, 440C, a me 440F (ʻano maʻalahi i ka mīkini).
500 Series: Ke kila chromium pale wela
600 Series: Martensitic precipitation-paʻakikī kila kila
630: ʻO ka mea maʻamau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i ka ua-hoʻopaʻa paʻakikī ʻano kila kila, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo 17-4; 17% Cr, 4% Ni.